It would not only be a form of fraud, but sounds be a violation of the Rural Call Completion rules (specifically 47 CFR 64.2119(a)). I would recommend you make a complaint to the FCC and categorize them at Rural Call Completion issues. Provide as much info as you can on carrier names, dates and times of the calls. The FCC staff do contact carriers and intermediate providers to track down RCC problems. I worked with one rural provider in the US on an issue related to rural call completion, and our complaints were getting callbacks to help us troubleshoot from Comcast, Verizon and AT&T at different points in the troubleshooting. The FCC requires all the intermediate providers to retain records of call routing attempts in a readily-accessed format for six months. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/section-64.2103 There are minimum standards of quality for carriers related to the successful delivery and routing of calls. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/section-64.2119 (I'm an engineer, not a lawyer, and this is technical advice, not legal advice.) Mark R Lindsey | +1-229-316-0013 | mrl at ecg.co | Schedule a Meeting <https://ecg.co/lindsey/schedule> | Newsletter <https://www.linkedin.com/newsletters/mark-lindsey-voice-7021614437413330944/>
On Jul 26, 2023, at 09:28, Nathan Anderson via VoiceOps <voiceops at voiceops.org> wrote:
...by which I mean, we send a call to a term provider via SIP, who then *seems* to terminate the call to the wrong callee entirely.
What the heck actually causes this?
Whenever I have experienced it, it inevitably involves a rural carrier of some kind, one that likely charges a lot to accept traffic. Over the course of a few days, we just went through twelve rounds of having a wholesale term provider blacklist various carriers from their LCRs for calls headed to this particular exchange, before the problem stopped happening. "Is it working yet?" "Nope." "How about now?" "Still nope." And it's random and sporadic enough that I have to place a lot of test calls (as well as continue to field feedback from our end-users) before I can be sure that the problem is actually fixed. It's aggravating...
It doesn't seem to be the final destination carrier that's screwing up the call routing after having received the call: I can call the same number over and over again through a "reputable" carrier, or via my personal cell (but I repeat myself), and get connected to the right destination every time. Based on my experiences, I highly doubt the misdirected calls are even getting as far as the CO's switch for that exchange.
So I have to hypothesize that some sketch carrier getting is picked from an LCR table, one who just doesn't like sending the call to a rural carrier who either charges that much, or that they suspect is engaging in fraud. But...WHY *misroute* it? I'd rather you just reject the call if you don't want to carry it.
The misrouted calls in this latest case more often than not seemed to be hitting a foreign voicemail system that sounded an awful lot like AT&T Mobility's default voicemail greeting. But we have definitely had calls just end up ringing the absolute wrong phone...in one case a few months back, I tried ringing the public library branch in this one rural town, and ended up getting the answering machine for some random business (...and also the call quality was *abysmal* on top of that). (Never did manage to figure out where that business whose answering machine I got was actually located. It was a generic-enough name for a business in their industry, but what I can tell you is that there was no business by that name in the rate centers covered by that rural carrier. And also that my CDRs back up the fact that I did *not* mis-dial that call.)
About the only theory I can come up with that makes a lick of sense is that these cut-rate carriers in these LCRs decide to throw to a rando number if they get asked to term to a high-cost exchange, so that they can record a call completion and charge the caller for it anyway. Which would be a form of fraud itself, if that's actually happening.
I suppose there could be a leg of the call that is being signalled non-digitally (so, not SS7, not SIP, ...), and something is getting either mis-transmitted or mis-interpreted. But if they were doing something like (e.g.) in-band DTMF over a crap connection to an old switch somewhere, I would expect dropped digits, and thus not enough to construct a viable & valid destination number out of.
-- Nathan
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